计算机科学技术学报 ›› 2023,Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 146-165.doi: 10.1007/s11390-023-2908-4

所属专题： 综述； Computer Networks and Distributed Computing

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工业互联网内时钟同步研究综述

  

  • 收稿日期:2022-10-15 修回日期:2022-11-21 接受日期:2023-01-09 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-02-28

A Survey on Clock Synchronization in the Industrial Internet

Fan Dang1,† (党凡), Member, CCF, ACM, IEEE, Xi-Kai Sun2,† (孙熙凯), Ke-Bin Liu1 (刘克彬), Member, CCF, ACM, IEEE, Yi-Fan Xu3 (许逸凡), and Yun-Hao Liu1,2,* (刘云浩), Fellow, CCF, ACM, IEEE        

  1. 1 Global Innovation Exchange, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2 Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3 School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2022-10-15 Revised:2022-11-21 Accepted:2023-01-09 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-02-28
  • Contact: Yun-Hao Liu E-mail:yunhao@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • About author:Yun-Hao Liu received his B.E. degree from the Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, in 1995. He received his M.A. degree from Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, in 1997. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science and engineering from Michigan State University, East Lansing, in 2003 and 2004, respectively. He is a professor in the Department of Automation and the dean of the Global Innovation Exchange, Tsinghua University, Beijing. He is a fellow of CCF, ACM and IEEE. He is the Editor-in-Chief of ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks and Communications of the CCF. His research interests include Internet of Things, wireless sensor networks, indoor localization, the Industrial Internet, and cloud computing.
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFB 2900100.

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时钟同步是网络通信中最基本和最关键的机制之一。工业互联网是工业向数字化、网络化和智能化转型的基础设施，随着工业互联网在众多工业应用中的兴起，各种工业应用对时钟同步的精确性、安全性、复杂性和其他特征都提出了新的要求。例如，更高的精度往往需要更多的处理时间和更频繁的数据交互，从而导致更慢的收敛速度和更多的能源消耗。此外，时间同步的安全性往往也需要进一步增加能源消耗和提高计算的复杂性。在设计时钟同步协议时，必须在这些要求之间取得平衡。本文从同步机制的问题定义展开，然后介绍了对各种类型网络的标准化时钟同步协议和技术的研究，以及对这些协议和技术如何分类展开了讨论。随后分析了一些常用的工业网络协议（如PROFINET、时间敏感网络等）中的时钟同步协议及在一些工业场合中应用。本研究还探讨了时钟同步技术未来可能的发展方向。

关键词: 时钟同步, 工业通信, 工业互联网, 无线传感网

Abstract: Clock synchronization is one of the most fundamental and crucial network communication strategies. With the expansion of the Industrial Internet in numerous industrial applications, a new requirement for the precision, security, complexity, and other features of the clock synchronization mechanism has emerged in various industrial situations. This paper presents a study of standardized clock synchronization protocols and techniques for various types of networks, and a discussion of how these protocols and techniques might be classified. Following that is a description of how certain clock synchronization protocols and technologies, such as PROFINET, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), and other well-known industrial networking protocols, can be applied in a number of industrial situations. This study also investigates the possible future development of clock synchronization techniques and technologies.

Key words: clock synchronization, industrial communication, Industrial Internet, wireless sensor network

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