›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 131-144.doi: 10.1007/s11390-018-1811-x

Special Issue: Computer Architecture and Systems

• Computer Architecture and Systems • Previous Articles     Next Articles

CPicker: Leveraging Performance-Equivalent Configurations to Improve Data Center Energy Efficiency

Fa-Qiang Sun1,2,3, Student Member, CCF, IEEE, Gui-Hai Yan1,3,*, Member, CCF, ACM, IEEE, Xin He1,3, Student Member, CCF, IEEE, Hua-Wei Li1,3,*, Distinguished Member, CCF, Senior Member, IEEE, Member, ACM, Yin-He Han1,3, Distinguished Member, CCF, Senior Member, IEEE, Member, ACM   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China;
    2 National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team of China, Beijing 100029, China;
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2016-08-09 Revised:2017-04-20 Online:2018-01-05 Published:2018-01-05
  • Contact: Gui-Hai Yan, Hua-Wei Li E-mail:yan@ict.ac.cn;lihuawei@ict.ac.cn
  • About author:Fa-Qiang Sun received his B.S. degree from Heilongjiang University, Harbin, in 2010, and his Ph.D. degree in computer science from Institute of Computing Technology (ICT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, in 2017. His scientific interests include computer architecture, green computing, parallel programming, and cloud computing. He is a student member of CCF and IEEE.
  • Supported by:

    This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61572470, 61532017, 61522406, 61432017, 61376043, 61504153, and 61521092, and in part by Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), under Grant No. Y404441000.

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The poor energy proportionality of server is seen as the principal source for low energy efficiency of modern data centers. We find that different resource configurations of an application lead to similar performance, but have distinct energy consumption. We call this phenomenon as "performance-equivalent resource configurations (PERC)", and its performance range is called equivalent region (ER). Based on PERC, one basic idea for improving energy efficiency is to select the most efficient configuration from PERC for each application. However, it cannot support every application to obtain optimal solution when thousands of applications are run simultaneously on resource-bounded servers. Here we propose a heuristic scheme, CPicker, based on genetic programming to improve energy efficiency of servers. To speed up convergence, CPicker initializes a high quality population by first choosing configurations from regions that have high energy variation. Experiments show that CPicker obtains above 17% energy efficiency improvement compared with the greedy approach, and less than 4% efficiency loss compared with the oracle case.

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