Illumination Invariant Recognition of Three-Dimensional Texture in Color Images

In this paper, illumination-affine invariant methods are presentedbased on affinemoment normalization techniques, Zernike moments, and multibandcorrelation functions. The methods are suitable for the illuminationinvariant recognition of 3D color texture. Complex valued moments (I.e.,Zernike moments) and affine moment normalization are used in thederivation of illumination affine invariants where the real valuedaffine moment invariants fail to provide affine invariants that areindependent of illumination changes. Three different momentnormalization methods have been used, two of which are based on affinemoment normalization technique and the third is based on reducing theaffine transformation to a Euclidian transform. It is shown that for achange of illumination and orientation, the affinely normalized Zernikemoment matrices are related by a linear transform. Experimental resultsare obtained in two tests: the first is used with textures ofoutdoor scenes while the second is performed on the well-knownCUReT texture database. Both tests show high recognition efficiency of the proposed recognition methods.