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基于去噪自编码器和卷积神经网络的微生物-疾病关联预测

Multi-Source Data with Laplacian Eigenmaps and Denoising Autoencoder for Predicting Microbe-Disease Associations via Convolutional Neural Network

  • 摘要:
    研究背景 微生物与人体健康密切相关。在人体的外表面和内表面生活着很多正常、有益的菌群。这些菌群会产生天然的抗生素,从而抑制有害菌的滋长;然而另一方面,人类大多数疾病也是由微生物引起的。
    目的 识别与疾病相关的微生物对于了解疾病的发病机制以及疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。
    方法 在本文中,我们提出了一种基于多源关联网络预测微生物-疾病关联的方法,命名为MMHN-MDA。首先,基于微生物、疾病、药物和代谢物之间的关联,构建了一个非均质多分子关联网络。其次,在关联网络上应用图嵌入算法拉普拉斯特征映射,学习微生物节点和疾病节点的行为特征;同时,采用去噪自编码器(DAE)学习微生物节点和疾病节点的属性特征。最后,结合属性特征和行为特征得到微生物与疾病的最终嵌入特征,并将其输入卷积神经网络(CNN)进行微生物与疾病关联的预测。
    结果 实验结果表明,所提出的MMHN-MDA比所对比的其它方法更有效。此外,双相情感障碍和精神分裂症的案例研究表明MMHN-MDA模型具有良好的预测性能,进一步表明肠道微生物可能影响宿主基因表达或神经系统中的化合物,如神经递质或其他血脑屏障代谢物,进而影响人的情绪或行为,从而诱发心理疾病。

     

    Abstract: Identifying microbes associated with diseases is important for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this article, we propose a method based on a multi-source association network to predict microbe-disease associations, named MMHN-MDA. First, a heterogeneous network of multi-molecule associations is constructed based on associations between microbes, diseases, drugs, and metabolites. Second, the graph embedding algorithm Laplacian eigenmaps is applied to the association network to learn the behavior features of microbe nodes and disease nodes. At the same time, the denoising autoencoder (DAE) is used to learn the attribute features of microbe nodes and disease nodes. Finally, attribute features and behavior features are combined to get the final embedding features of microbes and diseases, which are fed into the convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the microbe-disease associations. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective than existing methods. In addition, case studies on bipolar disorder and schizophrenia demonstrate good predictive performance of the MMHN-MDA model, and further, the results suggest that gut microbes may influence host gene expression or compounds in the nervous system, such as neurotransmitters, or metabolites that alter the blood-brain barrier.

     

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