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曹政, 刘小丽, 李强, 刘小兵, 王展, 安学军. 面向异构计算的服务器内互连架构[J]. 计算机科学技术学报, 2014, 29(6): 976-988. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1483-0
引用本文: 曹政, 刘小丽, 李强, 刘小兵, 王展, 安学军. 面向异构计算的服务器内互连架构[J]. 计算机科学技术学报, 2014, 29(6): 976-988. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1483-0
Zheng Cao, Xiao-Li Liu, Qiang Li, Xiao-Bing Liu, Zhan Wang, Xue-Jun An. An Intra-Server Interconnect Fabric for Heterogeneous Computing[J]. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2014, 29(6): 976-988. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1483-0
Citation: Zheng Cao, Xiao-Li Liu, Qiang Li, Xiao-Bing Liu, Zhan Wang, Xue-Jun An. An Intra-Server Interconnect Fabric for Heterogeneous Computing[J]. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2014, 29(6): 976-988. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1483-0

面向异构计算的服务器内互连架构

An Intra-Server Interconnect Fabric for Heterogeneous Computing

  • 摘要: 由于应用需求和计算部件的多样性在不断增加,使用异构处理器的服务器得到了越来越广泛的使用.然后,传统的SMP/ccNUMA服务器架构不仅使得异构处理器间通信存在瓶颈,而且仅能将异构处理器作为协处理器使用,大大限制了使用异构处理器的效率和灵活度.为解决该问题,本文提出了一种用于服务器内部的互连架构,该架构同时支持服务器内的端对端对等互连和异构处理器间的I/O资源共享.使用该互连架构连接处理器和设备,异构处理器间就可以实现直接通信,并可以使用共享的资源来独立运行.我们通过扩展PCIe(事实上的I/O总线标准)协议对互连架构进行设计,并采用单芯片cZodiac实现了该架构.通过充分利用标准PCIe的特性,我们实现了轻量级且高效的互连和I/O共享机制.在FPGA原型系统和时钟精确模拟器上的性能评测结果均表明,本文的设计方案可行且具有很好的扩展性.此外,该设计不仅仅适用于构建异构服务器,也适用于构建高密度服务器.

     

    Abstract: With the increasing diversity of application needs and computing units, the server with heterogeneous processors is more and more widespread. However, conventional SMP/ccNUMA server architecture introduces communication bottleneck between heterogeneous processors and only uses heterogeneous processors as coprocessors, which limits the efficiency and flexibility of using heterogeneous processors. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an intra-server interconnect fabric that supports both intra-server peer-to-peer interconnection and I/O resource sharing among heterogeneous processors. By connecting processors and I/O devices with the proposed fabric, heterogeneous processors can perform direct communication with each other and run in stand-alone mode with shared intra-server resources. We design the proposed fabric by extending the de-facto system I/O bus protocol PCIe (Peripheral Computer Interconnect Express) and implement it with a single chip cZodiac. By making full use of PCIe's original advantages, the interconnection and the I/O sharing mechanism are light weight and efficient. Evaluations that have been carried out on both the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) prototype and the cycle-accurate simulator demonstrate that our design is feasible and scalable. In addition, our design is suitable for not only the heterogeneous server but also the high density server.

     

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