基于上下文的路网空间移动对象轨迹不确定性消减和排序
Context-Based Moving Object Trajectory Uncertainty Reduction and Ranking in Road Network
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摘要: 为了支持不同移动对象产生的海量GPS数据,后台服务器往往采用了存储低频轨迹采样数据的策略。因此,我们不能直接从后台服务器得到精确的位置信息,不确定性是这些时空数据的一个天生特征。这样,如何处理这些不确定数据成为一个基础而又有挑战性的问题。不幸地,许多研究只是集中在移动对象不确定性本身而把不确定性和产生它的上下文分割开了。然而,我们发现利用上下文感知的信息移动对象不确定性可以快速地被消减并有效地进行排序。在这篇文章中,我们聚焦在上下文感知的信息,并提出一个集成框架(基于上下文的不缺性消减和排序(CURR)),来消减和排序轨迹的不确定性。具体地,给出两个连续的采样,我们要根据从上下文中抽取的信息对可能的这两点间的路径进行推理和排序。因为一些上下文感知的信息可以用来减少不确定性,而一些上下文感知的信息可以用来对不确定性进行排序,CURR自然地包含两个阶段:消减阶段和排序阶段,这两个阶段互为补充。我们同时也实现了一个原型系统来验证我们的方案的有效性。我们做了大量的实验,实验结果展示了CURR的高效性和高准确度。Abstract: To support a large amount of GPS data generated from various moving objects, the back-end servers usually store low-sampling-rate trajectories. Therefore, no precise position information can be obtained directly from the back-end servers and uncertainty is an inherent characteristic of the spatio-temporal data. How to deal with the uncertainty thus becomes a basic and challenging problem. A lot of researches have been rigidly conducted on the uncertainty of a moving object itself and isolated from the context where it is derived. However, we discover that the uncertainty of moving objects can be efficiently reduced and effectively ranked using the context-aware information. In this paper, we focus on context-aware information and propose an integrated framework, Context-Based Uncertainty Reduction and Ranking (CURR), to reduce and rank the uncertainty of trajectories. Specifically, given two consecutive samplings, we aim to infer and rank the possible trajectories in accordance with the information extracted from context. Since some context-aware information can be used to reduce the uncertainty while some context-aware information can be used to rank the uncertainty, to leverage them accordingly, CURR naturally consists of two stages:reduction stage and ranking stage which complement each other. We also implement a prototype system to validate the effectiveness of our solution. Extensive experiments are conducted and the evaluation results demonstrate the efficiency and high accuracy of CURR.