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二元高阶担保网络表示学习方法

BHONEM: Binary High-Order Network Embedding Methods for Networked-Guarantee Loans

  • 摘要: 由于担保贷款网络可能会对银行资金安全产生系统性的风险,引起了金融机构的普遍关注。通常,企业贷款的风险违约预测问题可以认为是一个典型的分类预测任务。但是随着担保贷款的网络化,经典机器学习分类方法难以进行有效学习。因为复杂网络通常由高维稀疏的邻接矩阵来存储和表示,而经典机器学习方法需要低维稠密的特征表征。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种二元高阶网络嵌入方法来学习担保网络的低维表示。我们首先基于金融领域知识,将节点区分为担保方和借款方两个角色,根据它们的角色来定义其在网络的距离相似度。随后,设计带有结构参数的目标函数来平衡特征中的网络结构和近邻特征。针对随机梯度下降算法在带权重边上迭代的局限性,本文设计优化了基于负采样的梯度下降算法。最后,在三个真实的网络数据集上进行测试和验证,结果表明,本文提出的方法在分类精度和鲁棒性方面均优于其他对比方法,尤其是在担保网络中精度提升显著。

     

    Abstract: Networked-guarantee loans may cause systemic risk related concern for the government and banks in China. The prediction of the default of enterprise loans is a typical machine learning based classification problem, and the networked guarantee makes this problem very difficult to solve. As we know, a complex network is usually stored and represented by an adjacency matrix. It is a high-dimensional and sparse matrix, whereas machine-learning methods usually need lowdimensional dense feature representations. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a binary higher-order network embedding method to learn the low-dimensional representations of a guarantee network. We first set vertices of this heterogeneous economic network by binary roles (guarantor and guarantee), and then define high-order adjacent measures based on their roles and economic domain knowledge. Afterwards, we design a penalty parameter in the objective function to balance the importance of network structure and adjacency. We optimize it by negative sampling based gradient descent algorithms, which solve the limitation of stochastic gradient descent on weighted edges without compromising efficiency. Finally, we test our proposed method on three real-world network datasets. The result shows that this method outperforms other start-of-the-art algorithms for both classification accuracy and robustness, especially in a guarantee network.

     

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