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RPL网络服务质量(QoS)支持:现状及展望

Quality of Service Support in RPL Networks: Standing State and Future Prospects

  • 摘要: 虽然基于IP的物联网(IoT)的发展使得端到端的IP网络体系结构更为有效,但它仍面临挑战。在计算和能源资源稀缺的IoT环境中,需要有效地解决网络路由寻址问题。因此,互联网工程任务组(IETF)已经提出了针对低功耗有损网络(RPL)的IPv6路由协议,为IoT网络提供一个基于IPv6路由定制框架。然而,RPL没有许多IoT应用极为需要的服务质量(QoS)支持,为此,网络研究人员已经提出多种针对RPL的QoS解决方案。本文综述了这些解决方案,旨在充分了解目前针对PRL的QoS的发展情况和未来IoT路由研究可能涉及的领域。本文亦致力于理解影响RPL网络中QoS性能的协议和网络属性。同时也包括了针对QoS影响因素,如吞吐量、延迟与数据包丢失等,所开发的不同的目标函数。现已有多种在MAC、网络和应用层所实现的QoS解决方案,但目前仍然需要进一步研究以实现尤其是针对动态RPL网络的有效的QoS支持。

     

    Abstract: The development of IP-based Internet of Things (IoT) networks would facilitate more effective end-to-end IP network architectures, but it remains a challenge. Network routing needs to be effectively addressed in the IoT environments of scarce computational and energy resources. Accordingly, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has specified the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL) to provide a bespoke IPv6-based routing framework for IoT networks. However, RPL comes with no Quality of Service (QoS) support which is an essential requirement for many IoT applications. The network research community has introduced a number of research proposals enhancing RPL with different QoS solutions. This paper presents a review of these proposed solutions and aims to establish a firm understanding of recent QoS developments for RPL and possible areas for future IoT routing research. The focus is on comprehending the protocol and networking properties that can affect QoS performance in RPL networks. Consideration is also given to different objective functions developed for addressing varying QoS aspects such as throughput, delay, and packet loss. RPL is also extended in a number of QoS solutions following different approaches at the MAC, network, and application layers. However, there is still a need for further developments to address effective QoS support, particularly for dynamic RPL networks.

     

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