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数据驱动的处理器自动化设计

Data-Driven Automated Processor Design

  • 摘要: 全自动处理器设计近年来因收敛速度快、人力成本降低而备受关注。然而,自动化设计在处理器正确性与性能保障方面仍存在挑战。本文介绍一系列基于数据驱动方法Binary Speculative Diagram(BSD)的处理器自动设计方法,重点阐述其如何保障设计正确性并提升自动设计处理器的性能。由 BSD 自动设计的工业级 RISC-V 处理器QiMeng-CPU-v1 精度高达 99.999 999 999 99%。由 State-BSD 自动设计的QiMeng-CPU-v2 性能与人工设计的超标量处理器 ARM Cortex A53 相当。最后,本文讨论了将所提出的设计方法扩展和改进至更通用的自动化处理器架构的潜在未来方向。本文分析了自动化处理器设计的问题描述。在此基础上,介绍了两种数据驱动方法:基于 BSD 的方法及其改进版本基于 State-BSD 的方法。基于 BSD 的方法以功能正确性为优先,设计出全球首款自动设计的工业级 RISC-V 处理器QiMeng-CPU-v1。在此基础上发展而来的基于 State-BSD 的方法专注于性能优化,自动设计出QiMeng-CPU-v2,其性能与 ARM Cortex A53 相当。未来,本研究将把 BSD 约束扩展到时序电路逻辑自动生成,并计划探索结合人工知识以实现进一步的性能提升。该方向不仅有望加速设计迭代、降低成本,也将为新一代高性能计算系统铺平道路。

     

    Abstract: Fully automated processor design has recently gained significant popularity due to its fast convergence speed and reduced human costs. However, automated design remains challenging in processor correctness and performance guarantee. In this article, we introduce a series of processor auto-design methods based on a data-driven method, Binary Speculative Diagram (BSD), emphasizing how they guarantee design correctness and improve the auto-designed processor performance. Auto-designed by BSD, QiMeng-CPU-v1, an industrial-scale RISC-V CPU, achieves up to 99.99999999999% accuracy. Auto-designed by State-BSD, QiMeng-CPU-v2 is comparable to ARM Cortex A53 (2010s CPU), a human-designed superscalar processor. Finally, we discuss potential future directions for extending and improving the proposed design methods toward more generalized automated processor architectures.

     

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