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可膨胀模型

Inflatable Models

  • 摘要: 对现实世界中的各种物体进行真实感的造型是很重要的。其中,可膨胀物体是很常见的,如气球、气垫、充气玩具等。这些物体由一个充满气体的弹性外壳封闭而成,气体在壳里施加压力以保持壳内的体积非零。加强内部的气体压力将使得外壳膨胀得越来越圆并最终成为圆球,减少内部的压力将使外壳逐渐收缩变皱。在某种意义上,可膨胀物体介于 3 维与 2 维的可变形物体之间 ? 一个封闭的外壳表示一个 3 维体积的形状,但其运动变化只在 2 维面上进行。其 3 维体的效果是通过外壳包容的气体体积来反映的。与可变形固体的模拟不同,可膨胀物体没有什么内部结构,由此可降低建模的维数,进行简单而快速的模拟。 本文提出一种基于物理的新的变形物体建模方法 ? 可膨胀物体。从目前已知的几种变形面建模方法中,我们可采纳一种并使它能反映内部与外部压力的作用。当然,压力也可包含浮力,以使填充了低密度气体的物体能悬浮在高密度的介质中。这种建模方法能充分反映各种动态效果,如抖动、悬浮、充气和放气。

     

    Abstract: A physically-based model is presented for the simulation of a new type of deformable objects---inflatable objects, such as shaped balloons, which consist of pressurized air enclosed by an elastic surface. These objects have properties inherent in both 3D and 2D elastic bodies, as they demonstrate the behaviour of 3D shapes using 2Dformulations. As there is no internal structure in them, their behaviour is substantially different from the behaviour of deformable solid objects. We use one of the few available models for deformable surfaces, and enhance it to include the forces of internal and external pressure. These pressure forces may also incorporate buoyancy forces,to allow objects filled with a low density gas to float in denser media. The obtained models demonstrate rich dynamic behaviour, such as bouncing, floating, deflation and inflation.

     

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