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董恺, 顾涛, 陶先平, 吕建. 完全两分匿名实现位置隐私[J]. 计算机科学技术学报, 2014, 29(6): 1094-1110. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1493-y
引用本文: 董恺, 顾涛, 陶先平, 吕建. 完全两分匿名实现位置隐私[J]. 计算机科学技术学报, 2014, 29(6): 1094-1110. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1493-y
Kai Dong, Tao Gu, ACMXian-Ping Tao, Jian Lv. Complete Bipartite Anonymity for Location Privacy[J]. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2014, 29(6): 1094-1110. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1493-y
Citation: Kai Dong, Tao Gu, ACMXian-Ping Tao, Jian Lv. Complete Bipartite Anonymity for Location Privacy[J]. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2014, 29(6): 1094-1110. DOI: 10.1007/s11390-014-1493-y

完全两分匿名实现位置隐私

Complete Bipartite Anonymity for Location Privacy

  • 摘要: 基于位置的服务(LBS)需要用户提供位置信息,而不可信的服务提供商可能泄漏用户信息导致严重的隐私隐患.现有方法往往通过降低位置信息精度来获得隐私.本文提出了完全两分匿名(CBA)这一新方法,旨在提升隐私的同时不降低LBS的服务质量.CBA的理论基础在于:若用户路径能够组成完全两分图,那么"连接到特定起点的线段终点的集合"是一个等价类,并由此可以构造用户等价类,进而实现K匿名.我们设计了交互式路径混淆协议、用户路径预测机制和路径伪造算法来实现CBA;并使用真实数据集对CBA进行验证.实验结果表明相较于传统的路径混淆算法,CBA算法能够4到16倍的提升用户路径混淆的概率,从而极大的提升隐私.我们也证明了CBA的安全性足以应对真假路径识别攻击.

     

    Abstract: Users are vulnerable to privacy risks when providing their location information to location-based services (LBS). Existing work sacrifices the quality of LBS by degrading spatial and temporal accuracy for ensuring user privacy. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, Complete Bipartite Anonymity (CBA), aiming to achieve both user privacy and quality of service. The theoretical basis of CBA is that: if the bipartite graph of k nearby users' paths can be transformed into a complete bipartite graph, then these users achieve k-anonymity since the set of "points connecting to a specific start point in a graph" is an equivalence class. To achieve CBA, we design a Collaborative Path Confusion (CPC) protocol which enables nearby users to discover and authenticate each other without knowing their real identities or accurate locations, predict the encounter location using users' moving pattern information, and generate fake traces obfuscating the real ones. We evaluate CBA using a real-world dataset, and compare its privacy performance with existing path confusion approach. The results show that CBA enhances location privacy by increasing the chance for a user confusing his/her path with others by 4 to 16 times in low user density areas. We also demonstrate that CBA is secure under the trace identification attack.

     

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